IRREVERSIBILITY ANALYSIS OF STEADY MHD THERMALLY CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER OF THE ETHYLENE GLYCOL-BASED TERNARY HYBRID (Cu+SiO2 +TiO2) NANOFLUID FLOW PAST A STRETCHING SHEET WITH PARTIAL SLIP AND ACTIVATION ENERGY

Abstract

Nanofluids may improve heat exchange-critical functions. Pharmaceutical production, microelectronics, vehicle cooling systems, and residential refrigeration might benefit from such advancements. The study examines the convective flow of Cu+SiO2 +TiO2 /Ethylene glycol ternary nanofluid across a stretched sheet using varying transport characteristics, thermal radiation, and heat source effects. Oberbeck-Boussinesq approximation is used for flow equations. A fourth-order Runge-Kutta numerical approach has been added to the shooting method to solve the resulting system of interconnected, non-linear PDEs. Systematic analysis has studied how critical factors affect nanoparticle velocity, temperature profiles, and nanoconcentration. Nanoparticle volume fraction, viscosity parameter, suction, and slip impacts enhance fluid velocity, largely due to momentum boundary layer expansion. Larger Prandtl numbers increase thermal boundary layer thickness, which is important in thermal system design, but excessive thermal radiation, may reduce cooling efficiency. Prandtl number, temperature ratio difference, and mass transferance parameter reduce entropy formation, improving system efficiency.