Unraveling the Productivity Puzzle of Female Scientists: An Analysis of its Origins and Determinants

Abstract

This study aims to dissect the productivity puzzle surrounding female scientists, investigating the factors contributing to their differential research output compared to male counterparts. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature and empirical analysis, we delve into the origins of this phenomenon, exploring potential determinants such as gender biases, work-life balance challenges, institutional support structures, mentorship opportunities, and cultural norms within the scientific community. Drawing upon data from academic research institutions, funding agencies, and professional societies, we examine patterns of publication output, grant funding, academic recognition, and career advancement to identify disparities and discern underlying causes. Additionally, we explore the role of individual factors such as self-efficacy, career aspirations, and personal circumstances in shaping female scientists' productivity trajectories. By shedding light on the multifaceted nature of the productivity puzzle, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of gender dynamics in scientific research and informs strategies for promoting diversity, equity, and inclusion in academia and research environments.