Analyzing US Small Business Innovation Policy through the Lens of the Triple Helix Model: A Comparison of SBIR and STTR Programs

Abstract

This paper examines the US small business innovation policy within the framework of the Triple Helix Model, focusing on a comparative analysis of the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) and Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) programs. The research investigates how these programs facilitate collaboration among government agencies, academic institutions, and small businesses to foster innovation and technology commercialization. Through a qualitative analysis of policy documents, program evaluations, and case studies, the study explores the differences and similarities between SBIR and STTR in terms of program design, objectives, eligibility criteria, funding mechanisms, and outcomes. Additionally, the research examines the effectiveness of each program in promoting technology transfer, stimulating economic growth, and addressing societal challenges. By applying the Triple Helix Model as a theoretical framework, this study aims to provide insights into the dynamics of innovation policy implementation and the role of government-industry-academia collaboration in fostering small business innovation in the United States.