Mapping the Evolution of Scientific Research Capacity in China during the First Half of the 20th Century: A Scientometric Analysis

Abstract

The scientific landscape of China during the first half of the 20th century underwent significant transformations, influenced by historical, political, and socio-economic factors. This scientometric study endeavors to comprehensively assess and map the trajectory of scientific research capability in China during this period. Leveraging bibliometric techniques and data mining methodologies, a vast corpus of scholarly literature, archival records, and historical documents were systematically analyzed. The study scrutinized various facets of scientific research, including publication output, citation patterns, research collaboration networks, and thematic trends. Findings indicate a notable expansion in scientific research activity in China, particularly in disciplines such as medicine, engineering, and agriculture, despite enduring challenges posed by political turmoil and international conflicts. The analysis also elucidates the emergence of key research institutions, influential scholars, and pivotal scientific breakthroughs that shaped China's scientific landscape during this epoch. Moreover, the study elucidates the interconnectedness between scientific research in China and global scientific communities, highlighting instances of international collaboration and knowledge exchange. Through a longitudinal analysis, the study identifies temporal shifts and turning points in China's scientific research capability, shedding light on factors driving these transformations. Insights gleaned from this scientometric study not only contribute to a deeper understanding of China's scientific history but also provide valuable perspectives for contemporary scientific policy and research strategy in China and beyond.