A REVIEW ON THE ROLE OF DROMEDARY BULLS ON INFERTILITY OF CAMEL HERDS

Abstract

Reproduction is the first of the camels' adaptations to a hostile environment, this performance in camels is generally considered low, the reason for the reproductive disorders rates could be blamed to the both the female and the male dromedaries reproductive tracts health, the rates fluctuate between 10% and more than 70%.  The goal of this review is to establish the causes of reproductive failures, that could be directly (venereal diseases) or indirectly (poor semen), particularly transmission of venereal diseases by potentially asymptomatic bulls. Unfortunately, research regarding venereal diseases in male dromedaries is very limited. Venereal diseases whose transmission has been verified are: Chlamydiosis, Trichomonosis Brucellosis and Bluetongue in camel, the reproductive diseases that affect the target organs are: Trypanosomosis, Toxoplamosis, Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD), Tuberculosis, Filariasis, Campylobacteriosis, Leptospirosis, and Pseudomonosis. As result, it is essential that all dromedary bulls before rutting season begins, must thorough examination proper to gratifying their reproductive potential, and the implementation of the strategies to prevent the occurrence of the herd infertility.