FOREST RIGHT ACT: AN END TO HOSTILITY OF CONSERVATION AND LIVELIHOOD? A CASE STUDY FROM WESTERN GHATS, INDIA

Abstract

Balancing conservation and the welfare of forest communities is a constant challenge for Governments around the world. India stands out globally due to its small yet biodiverse forests and culturally rich indigenous communities. This study investigates the well-being of indigenous communities in relation to the Forest Rights Act of 2006, emphasizing the act's role in fostering grassroots support and complementary policies for community welfare. The research focuses on the Kudremukh National Park and its Eco-Sensitive Zones, utilizing Focal Group Discussions to assess the FRA's implementation and its impact on indigenous well-being. The findings highlight the evolving societal dynamics and persistent disparities faced by forest-dwelling tribal communities. Despite the empowerment provided by the FRA, challenges remain, necessitating holistic approaches beyond policy implementation. Effective inter-departmental coordination, advocacy, and awareness are essential for addressing community concerns and fostering sustainable livelihoods. The Kudremukh case exemplifies a positive shift from forest dependence to agriculture, reflecting the FRA's impact while underscoring the need for multifaceted interventions to ensure the well-being of indigenous communities and biodiversity conservation.