ADVANCING ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE TREATMENT: A REVIEW OF NOVEL TARGETS, INNOVATIVE THERAPIES, AND FUTURE PROSPECTS

Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline, memory loss, and impaired daily functioning. Current treatments primarily offer symptomatic relief without addressing the underlying mechanisms of the disease. This review explores novel therapeutic targets for AD, including amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques, tau neurofibrillary tangles, neuroinflammation, and synaptic dysfunction. Advances in genomics and proteomics have identified genetic variants and protein biomarkers that contribute to disease susceptibility and progression. Innovative approaches utilizing artificial intelligence and big data are revolutionizing drug discovery and development by identifying new therapeutic targets and optimizing clinical trial designs. Collaborative research initiatives are essential for pooling resources and data, facilitating the validation of biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Promising avenues for treatment include β-secretase inhibitors, tau aggregation inhibitors, and anti-inflammatory agents, which aim to modify the disease course. This shift towards targeting the root causes of AD holds the potential for more effective disease-modifying treatments, offering hope for improved patient outcomes and quality of life.