QUALITATIVE, QUANTITATIVE AND ANTIOXIDANT STUDIES ON STEM AND LEAF OF COMBRETUM OVALIFOLIUM

Abstract

The main aim of the present work is to screen antioxidant activity of all the extracts of Combretum ovalifolium and quantify the phytochemicals by qualitative and quantitative analysis in different extracts of leaf and stem of Combretum ovalifolium. Extraction of dried powder of different parts of Combretum ovalifolium, i.e. leaves and stem was carried out in succession with 6 solvents of increasing polarities, viz. hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate, methanol, water and 70%ethanol. Preliminary phytochemical screening was carried out on all the extracts using standard procedures. Radical scavenging activity of different extracts of Combretum ovalifoliumleaf and stem were studied by DPPH assay. Among these phytocompounds Alkaloids, Carbohydrates, Glycosides, Saponins, Proteins, Fixed Oils and Fats, Phenolics, Flavonoids, Gum and Mucilages, Tannins, Terpenoids, Lignins, Resins, Lactones and Amino Acids were observed in the leaf and stem extracts. Phytosterols, Phlobatannins, Ascorbic Acid, Anthraquinone, Betacyanins, Anthocyanin were absent in both the parts of Combretum ovalifolium. The total content of phenolic compounds 1.273 0.023 mg/g and 0.7142 0.564 mg/g, alkaloids 0.468±0.037mg/g and 0.4690±0.370 mg/g, Saponins 0.74±0.055 mg/g and 0.1490±0.283 mg/g, Flavonoids 1.258±0.049 mg/g and 1.6582±0.107 mg/g, terpenoids 2.10±0.112 mg/g and 0.2082±0.382 mg/g were determined in leaf and stem of Combretum ovalifolium respectively. Antioxidant results shows that among all the leaf extracts of Combretum ovalifolium methanol shows greater activity with IC50 value of 4.04mg/ml and similarly, for stem extracts methanol shows highest inhibition with IC50 value of 8.02mg/ml.